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July 29 流水年华 且行且珍惜1。我们太年轻，以致都不知道以后的时光竟然还有那么长，长得足够让我忘记你，足够让我重新喜欢一个人，就像当初喜欢你一样。 2。一个人如果想做他喜欢的事情，就一定要做很多他不喜欢的事情，很多很多..... 3。我一点也不孤单，因为我的世界只有我一个人已经足夠热闹了。 4。寂寞的人有两种：一种是什么话都听的明白，一种是什么话都听不明白。 5。从前总以为收信很快乐，因为那表明远方有朋友。现在才知道。收信不一定是好事，因为那意味着朋友在远方。 6。时间仍在，是我们飞逝。 7。只要你要，只要我有。 8。那些说给树听的话，嵌在树的年轮里，随流年一点点长成参天的回忆， 9。记忆像是倒在掌心的水，无论你摊开还是握紧，总会从指缝中一点一滴流淌干净。 10。看不见雪的冬天，我们把它当春天好不好？ 11。一路上有人太早看透生命的线条，命运的玄妙，有人太晚觉悟，冥冥之中，该来则来，无处可逃；该走则走；无法挽留。 12。我终不能改变那个开始。何不忘了那个结局。 13。再美好也经不住遗忘，再悲伤也抵不过时间。 14。成长的日子，撕了皮连着肉。 15。迷宫般的城市，总有莫名的寂寞，你永远不知道你会错过什么，各种关于追寻的巧合和错过，编织着城市丛林里的忧郁和软弱。 16。也许一个人最好的样子就是静一点，哪怕一个人生活，穿越一个又一个城市，走过一条又一条街道，仰望一片又一片天空，见证一场又一场离别，于是终于可以坦然的说：我终于不那么执着。 17。所有的把握只是在加速一种失去。 18。人犯错误，大半是该用真情时太过动脑筋，而在该用脑筋时又太感情用事。 19。今生今世，我只是个戏子，永远在别人的故事里，流着自己的眼泪。 20。来不及疼痛，来不及流泪。 21。路是大地一道难愈的伤痕，因此人生每一步都是隐隐的痛。 22。两个人之间的感情就像织毛衣，建立的时候一针一线，小心而漫长，拆除的时候只要轻轻一拉。 23。要输就输给追求，要嫁就嫁给幸福。 24。为寻找而寻找只会在寻找中迷失。 25。传说人在最初是一个完整的圆，因为触怒了神，被分成两半，于是我们穷其一生都在寻找丢失了的另一半，可是既然都是半圆，那长的该有多相像呢?所以你很容易就找错了呢!所以也不要对以前的人报以伤感与抱歉,大家只不过没有相遇到对的人,虽然曾经很相信对方是自己要找的人。 26.too quick to live ，too young to die。 27。血液和骨骼，神经和皮肤，厚厚的棉衣里厚厚的绒衫，明明是有着非常重量的两个人，怎么还是被季风一吹就散了？ 29。每个人都为自己而活，我们也许该毫无怨言。 30。无尽的空间，以一种空虚填补另一种空虚。 31。不是每个人都可以兴风作浪。 32。我想知道，为什么一瞬间我们就在风里长大了？那些花开 、那些日落、那些单纯清澈的时光、那些明亮的青春、以及年少的忧伤，究竟是怎样穿过我的身体，流淌的如此干净？ 33。人就活这一次，理应活的飞扬跋扈。 34。天空，天很空，空得不想再容纳一颗灰尘。 35。想起一段旅行，改变一个人的生活方式，想起一个人，改变一段旅程 。 36。虹是看上去很近的那种远。 37。因为不去想起，所以从未忘记。 38。上帝撤下亚当的肋骨，便是女人。他这样说：她是你的肉中骨，骨中肉，你要好好珍惜。 39。生活就是让弱者感觉无奈，让强者感觉无聊的游戏。 40。要么爱我，要么永远不。 May 27 人事部CATTI二级口译笔译真题回顾（一）
23号考口译，上午是口译综合能力，下午是口译实务。24号考笔译，上午是笔译综合能力，下午是笔译实务。
总体感觉，试卷题目结合社会热点，出题老师很有水平。自我感觉，笔译把握比口译大。 口译，在接下来的日子要不断练习，因为这次考试基本都能听懂，但是笔记做得相当差，所以有些细节漏译了，而且在语言表达上流畅度不够。如果这次没过口译，我觉得还是正常，相信一份付出一份收获，我在口译的复习时间实在是很少。
下面是我回顾和整理的口译笔译真题，供需要的人参考。
第一部分：口译实务
英译中 两篇
第一篇 潘基文关于苏丹.达尔夫尔问题的讲话 （根据潘基文的讲话删选出来） As Secretary-General, I may not always deliver the pleasing sound bite. But you can be sure that, behind the scenes, I am seeking to understand the situation from all sides—and pushing hard for concrete results. This brand of diplomacy is not easy. There is seldom applause, often no outward evidence of movement. It is a quiet, painstaking, behind-the-scenes slog. You have to work the phones, cajole world leaders to do this or that. It is a symphony—often not a very harmonious one—of small steps that you hope will lead to something greater.// （第一段不大好翻，一听到苏丹.达尔夫尔问题，有点紧张，第一句愣是没听出来。） You expect nothing. You can only keep trying, keep pushing. Maybe it works, maybe not. Then you try some more, in a different way, aiming all the while for some small progress that makes the next step possible. We are at this point, now, in Darfur. No other issue has claimed more of my time or attention. I have spent hundreds of behind-the-scenes hours working with various parties to the conflict—the government of Sudan, rebel leaders, neighboring countries, partners of the African Union. Just this afternoon, I had a long and fruitful talk with Mr. Salva Kiir, the first Vice President of Sudan.// （这一段好一些，因为进入状态了） Meanwhile, we are pushing ahead with one of the most complex peacekeeping operations in our history. We are sponsoring very difficult peace negotiations in Libya. We are feeding and protecting hundreds of thousands of displaced people. And yet all this is only the beginning. Beyond peacemaking and peacekeeping, there is a third and underappreciated layer to the conflict: an immense crisis of resource management and economic development, starting with water. // My friends, a peace agreement in Darfur is possible. But it can last only if we address the all the causes of the conflict, developmental as well as political. We can hope to return more than two millionrefugees to their homes. We can safeguard villages and help rebuild. But what to do about the essential dilemma—the fact that there's no longer enough water or good land to go around? // （这一段，也还可以，难民，水，土地这些关键都听出来） Today, these resource issues are at the core of the UN's political and development work. More and more, they have become central to our strategies of conflict resolution and conflict prevention.The international community needs to pursue on a much grander scale in Darfur. We must replenish Darfur's disappearing water and land resources. Our success can translate a peace agreement on paper into lasting peace on the ground. But if we fail, we fool nobody but ourselves in proclaiming empty ceasefires and hollow treaties.// （这一段听的不大好，原因是一些单词不是很熟悉） As an Asian Secretary-General, addressing the Asia Society, I would like to close by sharing my views on Asia's role in the world today. We Asians inhabit the world's largest continent. We are the world's biggest population and its fastest growing economy. We have a rich history and an ancient culture. Yet in international affairs, our role is far less than it could be. Asia's contribution to the United Nations, though significant, could be much greater. （最后一段简单一些，应该基本翻译了吧，说真的，虽然现在这些能回想起来，不过当时怎么翻译的，有些细节翻译了没，还真忘了。上帝保佑）
第二篇 美国应对金融危机的讲话 （大意基本都翻译了，细节不知如何。说实在，幸亏经常听奥巴马的每周电台广播。内容非常相似。）
中译英 C-E
1. 奥运安保 几个月后，2008北京奥运会即将举行。目前一些地区还不安宁。北京能不能确保奥运安全，成为国际社会关注的问题。我可以负责任的告诉大家：中国政府有决心，也有能力确保奥运100%的安全。// 中国警察在奥运安保方面负主要责任。将有80，000名警察、保安、志愿者到街上工作。必要时，北京公安还将调动其他政府资源。目前已制订了500个安保计划，并不断完善这些计划。// 早在2006年，我们就开展了培训工作，重点是基本培训。今年，将加强突发事件应对的培训。去年，我们举办了“好运北京”测试赛，根据现场要求，开展了场馆的安全检查。从现在到7月份，我们要举行现场演练。// 中国将加强对国际传统和非传统的安全因素，如恐怖主义、极端主义、分裂主义的追踪和预防。中国军队也将参与到安保工作中来，包括陆军、海军、空军。他们将配合警力确保奥运场馆的空中安全。这也符合国际惯例。// 成功举办北京奥运会还需要其他各国的参与和支持，尤其是司法系统的支持。 我们相信，通过中国政府、人民以及其他参与国的努力，我们将成功举办2008北京奥运会。
2. 中国经济发展、（2009政府工作报告都能翻译一遍，这个就是小CASE了，继续学习白皮书） 今年是中国改革开放30周年。在过去的30年里，中国经济社会得到了前所未有的发展，取得了惊人的成绩，大大提高了我国的经济实力，综合国力和人民生活水平。同时，我们也必须清醒地意识到：中国仍然是最大的发展中国家，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。在这条路上，我们必须坚持以人为本的，全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观。我们要坚持改革的方向，维持社会主义市场经济体系，注入活力，增强效益，促进科学发展的体制和机制。// 要促进城乡协调发展，区域协调发展，经济社会协调发展。坚持节约资源、环境保护的相关政策，提倡绿色的生产、生活和消费方式，控制环境污染。加强一些促进民生的基础性设施建设，如教育、就业、社会保障、扶贫和医疗卫生等与人民利益密切相关的工程，使全体人民共享改革开放的成果。中国将坚定不移地坚持改革开放的基本国策，拓宽经济开放水平，此外要积极参与国际经济合作。// 今年以来，我们积极应对国际经济的复杂变化以及重大自然灾害带来的挑战。我们提高了宏观调控力度，经济保持快速增长，经济发展的大环境并未改变。为促进经济增长，我们降低了银行存款准备金率，银行存贷利息，为企业减税。// 最近，中国政府加大投资力度，扩大内需。中国财政已拨款1000亿用以民生工程、基础设施建设、生态保护、灾后重建，这将吸引4000亿的社会投资。从今年第四季度到2010年，我们将增加40000亿元投资，用于提高经济活力。中国经济的稳定持续发展本身就是对国际金融和经济发展的最大贡献。// 人事部CATTI二级口译笔译考试回顾总结（二）第二部分 笔译实务 E-C 必译：非洲粮食危机 铁达尼号 （第三篇选译感觉开头甚难，没选） 总体不难，但是也花了我将近一个小时，感觉E-C花时间太长了，还有一篇英中铁达尼号 就放在最后，先翻了中译英两篇，中译英感觉非常简单，1个小时两篇全完成，感觉还行，不过得看评卷老师了。 E-C Translation Compulsory Translation 非洲粮食危机真题 There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent. By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago. Such is the volatility of today’s markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon. Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day - the “bottom billion,” the poorest of the world’s poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two-thirds of their income on food. In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that’s all they can afford. Traveling though West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women’s cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income - and food - for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated. Elsewhere, I saw yet another women’s group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program. These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems - precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs. 译文： 上星期，世界粮食危机出现了一线转机的希望。因预期会获得大丰收，乌克兰放松了出口限制。全球小麦价格一夜间下跌了10％。 然而，曼谷米商每吨大米的报价大约1000美元，而在两个月前，报价是460美元。预计大米价格还会上涨。 这就是目前市场动荡的局面。我们不知道粮食价格将上涨多少，也不知道将下跌多少。但有一点是肯定的：我们已从富足时代进入了匮乏时代。专家们认为，粮食价格近期内不太可能回落到世界已经习以为常的水平。 即使在欧洲富国和美国，消费者也怨声载道。那么，请想像一下每日所得不足一美元的人的境况，这些人是世界穷人中的最贫穷者，是“最下层的十亿人”。他们大都生活在非洲，许多人通常用三分之二的收入购买粮食。 上星期，在利比里亚，我听说人们已不再成袋地买进口大米，而更多地是一杯子一杯子地买，因为他们只买得起一杯子米。 第一个任务是向饥民提供粮食。世界粮食计划署在帮助7300万人。但是，要帮助这些人，世界粮食计划署就需要增加75500万美元的资金才能支付它不断增加的费用。各方已经认捐47500万美元。但是，许诺并不能填饱肚子，粮食计划署现在仅有1800万美元的现金。 我们有能力处理这一危机。我们拥有有关资源，我们知道应该做什么，我们不仅应将这一危机视为问题，而且应将它视为机会。 在走访西非期间，我发现非常有理由感到乐观。在布基纳法索，我看到政府在巴西等国帮助下，努力进口耐旱种子，更好地管理稀缺的水源。 在科特迪瓦，我们参观了一个妇女合作社用联合国资金兴办的养鸡场。该项目为村民提供收入和粮食，很容易推广。在其他地方，我看到另一个妇女团体正在联合国帮助下，缓慢地扩大本地的农业生产。不久，她们将用自己的农产品取代粮食计划署的大米，满足学校供餐方案的需要。 这些都是因地制宜解决基层问题的基层办法，正是非洲需要的。 Topic 1 For a decade, metallurgists studying the hulk of the Titanic have argued that the storied ocean liner went down quickly after hitting an iceberg because the ship's builder used substandard rivets that popped their heads and let tons of icy seawater rush in. More than 1,500 people died. Now a team of scientists has moved into deeper waters, uncovering evidence in the builder's own archives of a deadly mix of great ambition and use of low-quality iron that doomed the ship, which sank 96 years ago Tuesday. The scientists found that the ship's builder, Harland and Wolff, in Belfast, struggled for years to obtain adequate supplies of rivets and riveters to build the world's three biggest ships at once: the Titanic and two sisters, Olympic and Britannic. Each required three million rivets, and shortages peaked during Titanic's construction. "The board was in crisis mode," said Jennifer Hooper McCarty, a member of the team that studied the company's archive and other evidence. "It was constant stress. Every meeting it was, 'There's problems with the rivets, and we need to hire more people.' " The team collected other clues from 48 Titanic rivets, using modern tests, computer simulations, comparisons to century-old metals and careful documentation of what engineers and shipbuilders of the era considered state of the art. The scientists say the troubles began when the colossal plans forced Harland and Wolff to reach beyond its usual suppliers of rivet iron and include smaller forges, as disclosed in company and British government papers. Small forges tended to have less skill and experience. Adding to the threat, the company, in buying iron for Titanic's rivets, ordered No. 3 bar, known as "best," not No. 4, known as "best-best," the scientists found. They also discovered that shipbuilders of the day typically used No. 4 iron for anchors, chains and rivets. So the liner, whose name was meant to be synonymous with opulence, in at least one instance relied on cheap materials. The scientists argue that better rivets would have probably kept the Titanic afloat long enough for rescuers to have arrived before the icy plunge, saving hundreds of lives. C-E Translation Compulsory Translation
Topic 1 1996年，一位摄影师在新疆喀纳斯自然保护区无意间拍到一只白熊。自此以后的十年里，白熊藏身于深山之中，再无音讯。直到2003年，人们才再次在该自然区又发现了白熊的踪迹。 在熊的家族里，只有北极熊是白色的。但是，这个庞然大物是如何离开极地寒带，来到这个寒温带的地方呢？难道它是通过通往北极的水路来到此地？这一猜测遭到动物学家的质疑。首先，北极熊不能在温带的树林中生活。其次，。。。。。。。。。 2006年，一个科学考察队在白熊出没的地区发现了熊冬眠的冬窝儿，还发现了一小团白色的动物毛发。DNA样本鉴定为棕熊的毛发。但是，也有可能，至少那团毛发不属于照片中的白熊。
Topic 2 蓝藻是一种简单的水生植物，它可以在河湖、湿地、树干和温泉自然蔓延生长。当蓝藻细胞达到一定程度时，蓝藻的“密集孽生”会使水体变色、引起泡沫、散发臭气、影响贝类和鱼类的生存，还会使水质大幅度下降。
May 19 随便写写周六周日要去参加CATTI考试了。都没怎么复习，感觉还是有些难度的。 这两天觉得很累。可能是周六熬夜 周日又逛街的缘故,更多是因为自己身体本来就容易疲劳。真的好想 好好调养一下身体，身体好，整个人的精神状态，情绪都会稳定很多。
刚才和妈妈通了一个电话，问及身体和脸色，每次问，我都有小小压力。(我们家那位的安慰倒算颇具特色，痘痘长 就让它长吧。就像炮弹不落在同一个坑里，都长过了就不长了。我吐血，不过也小小感动一番，欣慰。）
我不给自己压力，考试的事情，如我妈妈所说，顺其自然。
不过在这几天的复习中，感觉学习英语还是特别有意思的，没有压力地学习是很幸福的事情。
循序渐进，持之以恒！
特别推荐：沪江英语口译频道，很多好的时事政经材料 和 视频。
Peaceful mind, Lovely life. There for you.
May 18 浪漫一生又何妨！
Romance does not have to fizzle out in long-term relationships and progress into a companionship/friendship-type love, a new study has found. Romantic love can last a lifetime and lead to happier, healthier relationships.
"Many believe that romantic love is the same as passionate love," said lead researcher Bianca P. Acevedo, PhD, then at Stony Brook University (currently at University of California, Santa Barbara). "It isn't. Romantic love has the intensity, engagement and sexual chemistry that passionate love has, minus the obsessive component. Passionate or obsessive love includes feelings of uncertainty and anxiety. This kind of love helps drive the shorter relationships but not the longer ones." These findings appear in the March issue of Review of General Psychology, published by the American Psychological Association.
Acevedo and co-researcher Arthur Aron, PhD, reviewed 25 studies with 6,070 individuals in short- and long-term relationships to find out whether romantic love is associated with more satisfaction. To determine this, they classified the relationships in each of the studies as romantic, passionate (romantic with obsession) or friendship-like love and categorized them as long- or short-term. The researchers looked at 17 short-term relationship studies, which included 18- to 23-year-old college students who were single, dating or married, with the average relationship lasting less than four years. They also looked at 10 long-term relationship studies comprising middle-aged couples who were typically married 10 years or more. Two of the studies included both long- and short-term relationships in which it was possible to distinguish the two samples. The review found that those who reported greater romantic love were more satisfied in both the short- and long-term relationships. Companion-like love was only moderately associated with satisfaction in both short- and long-term relationships. And those who reported greater passionate love in their relationships were more satisfied in the short term compared to the long term. Couples who reported more satisfaction in their relationships also reported being happier and having higher self-esteem. Feeling that a partner is "there for you" makes for a good relationship, Acevedo said, and facilitates feelings of romantic love. On the other hand, "feelings of insecurity are generally associated with lower satisfaction, and in some cases may spark conflict in the relationship. This can manifest into obsessive love," she said. This discovery may change people's expectations of what they want in long-term relationships. According to the authors, companionship love, which is what many couples see as the natural progression of a successful relationship, may be an unnecessary compromise.
"Couples should strive for love with all the trimmings," Acevedo said. "And couples who've been together a long time and wish to get back their romantic edge should know it is an attainable goal that, like most good things in life, requires energy and devotion." Acevedo说：“夫妻应该努力经营爱情，让它变得更完美。那些结婚多年、希望找回浪漫感觉的夫妇，应该认识到这是完全可以实现的目标。浪漫和生活中绝大多数好东西一样，它需要投入精力才能达成。”
April 22 程派立雪－吕洋
昨晚偶尔转台，山西卫室在放《妻室儿女》，正好见剧中女主角在唱程派锁麟囊中 怕流水年华春去渺一样心情别样娇。 这声音、这身段，如此之妙 觉着这演员京剧功底非浅，后仔细一看，原来是程派小青衣吕洋。吕洋也接拍电视，这对我们戏迷来说，着实是个惊喜的事。是什么样的剧本，什么样的人物，让吕洋接下这出戏呢？
原来是叶广岑的《采桑子》已经被改编成了电视剧, “谁翻乐府凄凉曲，风也萧萧，雨也萧萧，瘦尽灯花又一宵；不知何事萦怀抱，醒也无聊，醉也无聊，梦里何曾到谢桥。”纳兰容若的这首《采桑子·谁翻乐府凄凉曲》，曾被梁启超先生赞为“时代哀音”，称其“眼界大而感慨深”。小说《采桑子》书中各章的标题均来自这首词，它通过讲述民国以来满族贵胄后裔生活，形象地展现了近百年间中国历史的风云、社会生活的变迁与传统文化的嬗变，是一曲直面沧桑、感喟人生的无尽挽歌，令人思绪绵绵。
而导演正是执导了《四世同堂》和《便衣警察》的导演林汝为。林汝为导演本身就是京味电视剧制作的代表人物，当初的《四世同堂》一出手，就为她迎来了盛名和赞誉，剧中北京味道的拿捏，分寸都恰到好处，不温不火，为人称道。
有吕洋饰演醉心于程派青衣艺术的大格格，叶广岑编剧，林汝为导演，这部剧绝对值得一看
附上 吕洋剧照
April 01 三道养颜汤
一说起土茯苓，老妈总是喊：“土茯苓煲龟好补啊！”吓得我赶紧将家养的巴西龟藏到身后，生怕她看到拿去煲。弄个龟太麻烦了，还是家常点用猪骨吧。昨天看到新闻，上海某白领因为节食，二十多岁骨质密度犹如五十多岁，摔个跤就骨折。真有点吓人哦，骨质密度可以因节食而如此稀疏，难不成天天不吃饭？我总觉得一个人的肥瘦和先天有很大关系，靠节食减肥，其实是以将胃损害的代价来换取瘦，值不值得就见仁见智了。据我观察，好像有饭前喝碗汤习惯的，多数不会太胖哦。那汤不用煲太久，总觉得老火汤不适合天天喝呢，不能光是肉，要搭配其它材料。上网查一查，我的发现居然是有实验依据的：“与那些饭前不喝汤的人相比，如果研究对象在午餐前先喝了一碗汤，他们这顿饭所摄入的总热量就会减少20%。”好，又多了一个喝汤的理由，每天喝着汤，既滋润又瘦身，最重要是非常好喝，有没有效的，喝了再说。土茯苓清热解毒，通利关节，还能健脾胃；蜜枣则养颜润肺；猪骨含丰富胶原蛋白，润泽肌肤，这道汤解热毒，养容颜，做法也简单，赶快试一试吧。 材料：土茯苓50克、蜜枣3个、猪骨300克 调料：盐
做法：
注意：
另外两款养颜瘦身滋补汤水 苡米冬瓜排骨汤 马蹄玉米汤
February 24 You Raise Me Up
when i am down and, oh my soul, so weary; December 24 何谓幸福
一年后的今天，坐在办公室的我又想起了这个问题。
记得一年前在英国留学时，我曾写过关于幸福的一些感觉。
那时，幸福于我来说，就是
早上亲自做的香蕉牛奶燕麦粥 晚上下课后搭乘巴士回家，靠在座位上听听火丁的火焰驹。 周末去露天市场买好多便宜又新鲜的水果蔬菜
那时的我，很幸福，因为，我抱着单纯的心态去感受一个陌生新鲜的环境。
之后回到国内，回到了亲人身边，刚下飞机的那一刻，激动无比，回到家中，看到厨房中忙活的妈妈，也是幸福无比。那时，深深体会到季先生的那句话――世界上无论什么名誉，什么地位，什么幸福，什么尊荣，都比不上呆在母亲身边。
现在的我，离开浙江，离开妈妈，一个人在深圳工作。工作都还挺顺利的，同事也很好，领导也很照顾。一切似乎都挺好的，但随着环境的熟悉，工作性质的复杂，人似乎变得些许浮躁。有多久没有静下心来听听戏曲，有多久没有静下心来看看散文，甚至，很久很久，都没有魂游，让思绪漫天漂浮，我只是一天天打卡过日子，无需思考。特别害怕，我的激情，我身上那点灵气，我潜在的激情和能量，被习惯所掩盖，被时间所迷离，被惰性所消磨。
其实，我现在也只是有些迷茫，还是很幸福的，因为我身边有至亲的他－最初和最后的爱，有他的呵护、包容、关心、温情、惦记和疼爱。从没想过，爱情来得这么快。情不知所起，一往而深。也许，是上天眷顾我。呵呵。
关于爱情，婚姻，我觉得在于我们的用心，能清楚知道这是我最初和最后的爱,那什么都不是问题了。对于我来说，工作想清楚了，也许就能让我不再迷茫。我应该选择自己喜欢做的事情，从自己心里真正做出选择，而不是考虑家人，考虑社会期望，这样，我才会工作越来越开心。
人在生活中，心在生活外。不让俗世纷扰牵绊了人的身心，凡是想得简单，不计较得失，不在乎虚名假利，永远听从自己的心，用心去感受真，善，美，爱他人，爱自己。
只要看的久远，我们就永远不会倦怠。只要想得简单，我们就永远快乐清澈。
圣诞快乐！永远幸福！ ----纪念相识266天 October 29 Words to Live by
September 11 True NobilityErnest Hemingway
In a calm sea every man is a pilot.
But all sunshine without shade, all pleasure without pain, is not life at all. Take the lot of the happiest - it is a tangled yarn.Bereavements and blessings, one following another, make us sad and blessed by turns. Even death itself makes life more loving. Men come closest to their true selves in the sober moments of life, under the shadows of sorrow and loss. In the affairs of life or of business, it is not intellect that tells so much as character, not brains so much as heart, not genius so much as self-control, patience, and discipline, regulated by judgment. To regret one's errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance. There is nothing noble in being superior to some other man. The true nobility is in being superior to your previous self. 译文: 风平浪静的大海上,每个人都是领航员. 但只有晴天没有阴霾,只有快乐没有痛苦,根本不是真正的人生.就拿最幸福的人来说,他的生活也是一团缠结在一起的乱麻.痛苦与幸福交替出现,使得我们一会悲伤一会高兴. 甚至死亡本身都使得生命更加可爱.在人生清醒的时刻,在悲伤与失落的阴影之下,人们与真实的自我最为接近. 在生活和事业的种种事务之中,性格的作用比智力要大,头脑的作用远不如情感,天资也不如由判断力控制的自制,耐心与修养. 真正的悔误,是为自己的错误感到后悔而力求不再重蹈覆辙.优于别人，并不高贵.真正的高贵是优于过去的自己. August 05 珍惜 Just with you
我不能选择那最好的，是那最好的选择我。
可能，最好的，已经在你的身边，只是，你还没有学会珍惜。人们总是盯着得不到的东西，而忽视了那些已经得到的东西。
有这么一个寓言故事：蔚蓝的大海里，有一条快乐的鱼，它每天尽情地在海水中游动。它和身边许多的鱼说一些它所经历的故事。疲惫时，它就栖息在水草的中间，自由快乐是它的生活原则。但有一天，它遇到了另一条鱼。那条鱼对它说：“我听说，在很远很远的地方，有一个叫大海的地方，有比我们这里更宽阔的水域，那里有许多好玩的东西。也许你的生活会有所改变的。”“真的吗?”，它问那条鱼。“是的。你去找找吧。”那条鱼开始寻找大海了，它游啊游啊，每天疲惫得要死，并没有看到它要找的大海。有一天，它终于累了。看到一条正在悠闲游动的鱼。它问那条散步的鱼：你知道大海在哪里吗？那条悠闲的鱼一听就笑了，说：你现在就在大海里呀!
很多时候，我都沉醉在一个虚泛的美好世界里，追求着一个纯净的完美世界，忽略了身边的存在的幸福种子。再优良的种子，如果不去呵护，不去看一眼，甚至连水都不去浇，也许她就被扼杀了，永远也开不出美丽的花朵。
缺陷也是一种美。追求完美的人，也许是最自私的。因为缺少一颗包容的心。生活中，缺陷的东西太多了，但往往，缺陷并没有影响她的美。这些有缺陷的美好事物依然让人心醉。那么，爱情亦如是。完美的爱不是真爱。能包容缺陷的爱才是真爱。更何况，世上本无完美的事物。
附上一首诗：
Thank you for comforting me when I'm sad 能走多远走多远
7.23 If you shed tears when you miss the sun, you also miss the stars 如果你因失去了太阳而流泪,那么你也将失去群星了。
我很羡慕一向潇洒如风的人。也有一些朋友说，你也是个洒脱随性的人。 但自己很明白，我是随性的孩子，却不是潇洒的人。
跟自己说过一百遍，拥有时要珍惜，失去时不后悔，一无所有时要坦然。很多事情，也许该反思，但反思过后是不是该释怀了。
我希望自己很简单，也许我就是个简单的人。但是，我的顾虑为什么那么多？ 没有开始就想着结局，没有尝试就打算放弃。
也许，我应该跟着感觉走，只要一起的日子快乐，能走多远走多远。
June 05 The end of one historic jouney with the beginning of anotherRemarks of Senator Barack Obama Final Primary Night Tuesday, June 3rd, 2008 St. Paul, Minnesota As Prepared for Delivery Tonight, after fifty-four hard-fought contests, our primary season has finally come to an end. Sixteen months have passed since we first stood together on the steps of the Old State Capitol in Springfield, Illinois. Thousands of miles have been traveled. Millions of voices have been heard. And because of what you said – because you decided that change must come to Washington; because you believed that this year must be different than all the rest; because you chose to listen not to your doubts or your fears but to your greatest hopes and highest aspirations, tonight we mark the end of one historic journey with the beginning of another – a journey that will bring a new and better day to America. Tonight, I can stand before you and say that I will be the Democratic nominee for President of the United States. I want to thank every American who stood with us over the course of this campaign – through the good days and the bad; from the snows of Cedar Rapids to the sunshine of Sioux Falls. And tonight I also want to thank the men and woman who took this journey with me as fellow candidates for President. At this defining moment for our nation, we should be proud that our party put forth one of the most talented, qualified field of individuals ever to run for this office. I have not just competed with them as rivals, I have learned from them as friends, as public servants, and as patriots who love America and are willing to work tirelessly to make this country better. They are leaders of this party, and leaders that America will turn to for years to come. That is particularly true for the candidate who has traveled further on this journey than anyone else. Senator Hillary Clinton has made history in this campaign not just because she’s a woman who has done what no woman has done before, but because she’s a leader who inspires millions of Americans with her strength, her courage, and her commitment to the causes that brought us here tonight. We’ve certainly had our differences over the last sixteen months. But as someone who’s shared a stage with her many times, I can tell you that what gets Hillary Clinton up in the morning – even in the face of tough odds – is exactly what sent her and Bill Clinton to sign up for their first campaign in Texas all those years ago; what sent her to work at the Children’s Defense Fund and made her fight for health care as First Lady; what led her to the United States Senate and fueled her barrier-breaking campaign for the presidency – an unyielding desire to improve the lives of ordinary Americans, no matter how difficult the fight may be. And you can rest assured that when we finally win the battle for universal health care in this country, she will be central to that victory. When we transform our energy policy and lift our children out of poverty, it will be because she worked to help make it happen. Our party and our country are better off because of her, and I am a better candidate for having had the honor to compete with Hillary Rodham Clinton. There are those who say that this primary has somehow left us weaker and more divided. Well I say that because of this primary, there are millions of Americans who have cast their ballot for the very first time. There are Independents and Republicans who understand that this election isn’t just about the party in charge of Washington, it’s about the need to change Washington. There are young people, and African-Americans, and Latinos, and women of all ages who have voted in numbers that have broken records and inspired a nation. All of you chose to support a candidate you believe in deeply. But at the end of the day, we aren’t the reason you came out and waited in lines that stretched block after block to make your voice heard. You didn’t do that because of me or Senator Clinton or anyone else. You did it because you know in your hearts that at this moment – a moment that will define a generation – we cannot afford to keep doing what we’ve been doing. We owe our children a better future. We owe our country a better future. And for all those who dream of that future tonight, I say – let us begin the work together. Let us unite in common effort to chart a new course for America. In just a few short months, the Republican Party will arrive in St. Paul with a very different agenda. They will come here to nominate John McCain, a man who has served this country heroically. I honor that service, and I respect his many accomplishments, even if he chooses to deny mine. My differences with him are not personal; they are with the policies he has proposed in this campaign. Because while John McCain can legitimately tout moments of independence from his party in the past, such independence has not been the hallmark of his presidential campaign. It’s not change when John McCain decided to stand with George Bush ninety-five percent of the time, as he did in the Senate last year. It’s not change when he offers four more years of Bush economic policies that have failed to create well-paying jobs, or insure our workers, or help Americans afford the skyrocketing cost of college – policies that have lowered the real incomes of the average American family, widened the gap between Wall Street and Main Street, and left our children with a mountain of debt. And it’s not change when he promises to continue a policy in Iraq that asks everything of our brave men and women in uniform and nothing of Iraqi politicians – a policy where all we look for are reasons to stay in Iraq, while we spend billions of dollars a month on a war that isn’t making the American people any safer. So I’ll say this – there are many words to describe John McCain’s attempt to pass off his embrace of George Bush’s policies as bipartisan and new. But change is not one of them. Change is a foreign policy that doesn’t begin and end with a war that should’ve never been authorized and never been waged. I won’t stand here and pretend that there are many good options left in Iraq, but what’s not an option is leaving our troops in that country for the next hundred years – especially at a time when our military is overstretched, our nation is isolated, and nearly every other threat to America is being ignored. We must be as careful getting out of Iraq as we were careless getting in - but start leaving we must. It’s time for Iraqis to take responsibility for their future. It’s time to rebuild our military and give our veterans the care they need and the benefits they deserve when they come home. It’s time to refocus our efforts on al Qaeda’s leadership and Afghanistan, and rally the world against the common threats of the 21st century – terrorism and nuclear weapons; climate change and poverty; genocide and disease. That’s what change is. Change is realizing that meeting today’s threats requires not just our firepower, but the power of our diplomacy – tough, direct diplomacy where the President of the United States isn’t afraid to let any petty dictator know where America stands and what we stand for. We must once again have the courage and conviction to lead the free world. That is the legacy of Roosevelt, and Truman, and Kennedy. That’s what the American people want. That’s what change is. Change is building an economy that rewards not just wealth, but the work and workers who created it. It’s understanding that the struggles facing working families can’t be solved by spending billions of dollars on more tax breaks for big corporations and wealthy CEOs, but by giving a the middle-class a tax break, and investing in our crumbling infrastructure, and transforming how we use energy, and improving our schools, and renewing our commitment to science and innovation. It’s understanding that fiscal responsibility and shared prosperity can go hand-in-hand, as they did when Bill Clinton was President. John McCain has spent a lot of time talking about trips to Iraq in the last few weeks, but maybe if he spent some time taking trips to the cities and towns that have been hardest hit by this economy – cities in Michigan, and Ohio, and right here in Minnesota – he’d understand the kind of change that people are looking for. Maybe if he went to Iowa and met the student who works the night shift after a full day of class and still can’t pay the medical bills for a sister who’s ill, he’d understand that she can’t afford four more years of a health care plan that only takes care of the healthy and wealthy. She needs us to pass health care plan that guarantees insurance to every American who wants it and brings down premiums for every family who needs it. That’s the change we need. Maybe if he went to Pennsylvania and met the man who lost his job but can’t even afford the gas to drive around and look for a new one, he’d understand that we can’t afford four more years of our addiction to oil from dictators. That man needs us to pass an energy policy that works with automakers to raise fuel standards, and makes corporations pay for their pollution, and oil companies invest their record profits in a clean energy future – an energy policy that will create millions of new jobs that pay well and can’t be outsourced. That’s the change we need. And maybe if he spent some time in the schools of South Carolina or St. Paul or where he spoke tonight in New Orleans, he’d understand that we can’t afford to leave the money behind for No Child Left Behind; that we owe it to our children to invest in early childhood education; to recruit an army of new teachers and give them better pay and more support; to finally decide that in this global economy, the chance to get a college education should not be a privilege for the wealthy few, but the birthright of every American. That’s the change we need in America. That’s why I’m running for President. The other side will come here in September and offer a very different set of policies and positions, and that is a debate I look forward to. It is a debate the American people deserve. But what you don’t deserve is another election that’s governed by fear, and innuendo, and division. What you won’t hear from this campaign or this party is the kind of politics that uses religion as a wedge, and patriotism as a bludgeon – that sees our opponents not as competitors to challenge, but enemies to demonize. Because we may call ourselves Democrats and Republicans, but we are Americans first. We are always Americans first. Despite what the good Senator from Arizona said tonight, I have seen people of differing views and opinions find common cause many times during my two decades in public life, and I have brought many together myself. I’ve walked arm-in-arm with community leaders on the South Side of Chicago and watched tensions fade as black, white, and Latino fought together for good jobs and good schools. I’ve sat across the table from law enforcement and civil rights advocates to reform a criminal justice system that sent thirteen innocent people to death row. And I’ve worked with friends in the other party to provide more children with health insurance and more working families with a tax break; to curb the spread of nuclear weapons and ensure that the American people know where their tax dollars are being spent; and to reduce the influence of lobbyists who have all too often set the agenda in Washington. In our country, I have found that this cooperation happens not because we agree on everything, but because behind all the labels and false divisions and categories that define us; beyond all the petty bickering and point-scoring in Washington, Americans are a decent, generous, compassionate people, united by common challenges and common hopes. And every so often, there are moments which call on that fundamental goodness to make this country great again. So it was for that band of patriots who declared in a Philadelphia hall the formation of a more perfect union; and for all those who gave on the fields of Gettysburg and Antietam their last full measure of devotion to save that same union. So it was for the Greatest Generation that conquered fear itself, and liberated a continent from tyranny, and made this country home to untold opportunity and prosperity. So it was for the workers who stood out on the picket lines; the women who shattered glass ceilings; the children who braved a Selma bridge for freedom’s cause. So it has been for every generation that faced down the greatest challenges and the most improbable odds to leave their children a world that’s better, and kinder, and more just. And so it must be for us. America, this is our moment. This is our time. Our time to turn the page on the policies of the past. Our time to bring new energy and new ideas to the challenges we face. Our time to offer a new direction for the country we love. The journey will be difficult. The road will be long. I face this challenge with profound humility, and knowledge of my own limitations. But I also face it with limitless faith in the capacity of the American people. Because if we are willing to work for it, and fight for it, and believe in it, then I am absolutely certain that generations from now, we will be able to look back and tell our children that this was the moment when we began to provide care for the sick and good jobs to the jobless; this was the moment when the rise of the oceans began to slow and our planet began to heal; this was the moment when we ended a war and secured our nation and restored our image as the last, best hope on Earth. This was the moment – this was the time – when we came together to remake this great nation so that it may always reflect our very best selves, and our highest ideals. Thank you, God Bless you, and may God Bless the United States of America. May 29 The ChoiceIt’s quiet. It’s early. My coffee is hot.
The sky is still black. The world is still asleep. The day is coming. In a few moments the day will arrive. It will roar down the track with the rising of the sun. The stillness of the dawn will be exchanged for the noise of the day. The calm of solitude will be replaced by the pounding pace of the human race. The refuge of the early morning will be invaded by decisions to be made and deadlines to be met. For the next twelve hours I will be exposed to the day’s demands.
It is now that I must make a choice. Because of Calvary, I’m free to choose. And so I choose. I choose love
No occasion justifies hatred; No injustice warrants bitterness. I choose love. Today I will love God and what God loves. I choose joy
I will invite my God to be the God of circumstance. I will refuse the temptation to be cynical the tool of the lazy thinker. I will refuse to see people as anything less than human beings, created by God. I will refuse to see any problems anything less than an opportunity to see God. I choose peace
I will live forgiven. I will forgive so that I may live. I choose patience
I will overlook the inconveniences of the world. Instead of cursing the one who takes my place, I’ll invite him to do so. Rather than complain that the wait is too long, I will thank God for a moment to pray. Instead of clenching my fist at new assignments, I will face them with joy and courage. I choose kindness
I will be kind to the poor, for they are alone. Kind to the rich, for they are afraid. And kind to the unkind, for such is how God has treated me. I choose goodness
I will go without before I take dishonest gain. I will be overlooked before I will boast. I will confess before I will accuse. I choose goodness. I choose faithfulness
Today I will keep my promises. My debtors will not regret their trust. My associates will not question my word. My wife will not question my love. And my children will never fear that father will not come home. I choose gentleness
Nothing is won by force. I choose to be gentle. If I raise my voice may it be only in praise. If I clench my fist, may it be only in prayer. If I make a demand, may it be only of myself. I choose self-control
I am a spiritual being. After this body is dead, my spirit will soar. I refuse to let what will rot, rule the eternal. I choose self-control. I will be drunk only by joy. I will be impassioned only by my faith. I will be influenced only by God. I will be taught only by Christ. I choose self-control. Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.
To these I commit my day. If I succeed, I will give thanks. If I fail, I will seek His grace. And then, when this day is done, I will place my head on my pillow and rest. May 27 ERP 系统所谓ERP是英文Enterprise Resource Planning(企业资源计划)的简写。
是指建立在信息技术基础上，以系统化的管理思想，为企业决策层及员工提供决策运行手段的管理平台。ERP系统集中信息技术与先进的管理思想於一身，成为现代企业的运行模式，反映时代对企业合理调配资源，最大化地创造社会财富的要求，成为企业在信息时代生存、发展的基石。 举个例子说明： 一天中午，丈夫在外给家里打电话：“亲爱的老婆，晚上我想带几个同事回家吃饭可以吗？”(订货意向) 妻子：“当然可以，来几个人，几点来，想吃什么菜？” 丈夫：“6个人，我们7点左右回来，准备些酒、烤鸭、番茄炒蛋、凉菜、蛋花汤……。你看可以吗？”(商务沟通) 妻子：“没问题，我会准备好的。”(订单确认) 妻子记录下需要做的菜单(MPS计划)，具体要准备的东西：鸭、酒、番茄、鸡蛋、调料……(BOM物料清单)，发现需要：1只鸭蛋，5瓶酒，4个鸡蛋……(BOM展开)，炒蛋需要6个鸡蛋，蛋花汤需要4个鸡蛋(共用物料)。 打开冰箱一看(库房)，只剩下2个鸡蛋(缺料)。 来到自由市场，妻子：“请问鸡蛋怎么卖？”(采购询价) 小贩：“1个1元，半打5元，1打9.5元。” 妻子：“我只需要8个，但这次买1打。”(经济批量采购) 妻子：“这有一个坏的，换一个。”(验收、退料、换料) 回到家中，准备洗菜、切菜、炒菜……(工艺线路)，厨房中有燃气灶、微波炉、电饭煲……(工作中心)。 妻子发现拨鸭毛最费时间(瓶颈工序，关键工艺路线)，用微波炉自己做烤鸭可能来不及(产能不足)，于是在楼下的餐厅里买现成的(产品委外)。 下午4点，接到儿子的电话：“妈妈，晚上几个同学想来家里吃饭，你帮忙准备一下。”(紧急订单) “好的，你们想吃什么，爸爸晚上也有客人，你愿意和他们一起吃吗？” “菜你看着办吧，但一定要有番茄炒鸡蛋，我们不和大人一起吃，6：30左右回来。”(不能并单处理) “好的，肯定让你们满意。”(订单确定) “鸡蛋又不够了，打电话叫小店送来。”(紧急采购) 6：30，一切准备就绪，可烤鸭还没送来，急忙打电话询问：“我是李太，怎么订的烤鸭还不送来？”(采购委外单跟催) “不好意思，送货的人已经走了，可能是堵车吧，马上就会到的。” 门铃响了。 “李太太，这是您要的烤鸭。请在单上签一个字。”(验收、入库、转应付账款) 6：45，女儿的电话：“妈妈，我想现在带几个朋友回家吃饭可以吗？”(呵呵，又是紧急订购意向，要求现货) “不行呀，女儿，今天妈已经需要准备两桌饭了，时间实在是来不及，真的非常抱歉，下次早点说，一定给你们准备好。”(哈哈，这就是ERP的使用局限，要有稳定的外部环境，要有一个起码的提前期)。 送走了所有客人，疲惫的妻子坐在沙发上对丈夫说：“亲爱的，现在咱们家请客的频率非常高，应该要买些厨房用品了(设备采购)，最好能再雇个小保姆(连人力资源系统也有缺口了)。 丈夫：“家里你做主，需要什么你就去办吧。”(通过审核) 妻子：“还有，最近家里花销太大，用你的私房钱来补贴一下，好吗？”(最后就是应收货款的催要) 记住，每一个合格的家庭主妇都是生产厂长的有力竞争者。 但丈夫是领导者。 April 11 Tibet Issues and Torch Relay----China, Hard Time.Obviously, the Beijing Olympics was taken as an opportunity to highlight Tibet issues. Then how can our government properly handle this issue ? MY ANSWER... embracing different voices....be more open, more mature——有责改之、无则加勉。拿出我们的勇气和胸怀来面对和包容这些批评和抗议。
THEN WE CAN DO BETTER。
From The Times
April 5, 2008
The Olympic torch is undimmedThe Chinese ambassador says this international event is for everyoneFu Ying
The Olympic torch comes to London tomorrow. Though some will use it as an opportunity to protest, the Olympics are for all of us. The recent violent incidents in Tibet should not detract from this wonderful day. China is committed to solving problems in Tibet peacefully. I sincerely hope that Chinese nationals here will also enjoy the festivities and avoid getting involved in any confrontational activities. The beauty of Tibet has brought me back there time and again. Its distinct cultural appeal and its unique history gives Tibet a special place in China. I remember seeing men and women prostrating themselves in front of the Jokhang Temple, old women spinning their prayer wheels and young monks earnestly debating their religious philosophy. Who would not feel deeply moved by their piety? In the frenzied debate over Tibet, a few facts are forgotten. Tibet has been part of China since the 13th century. It is part of China's family of 56 ethnic groups - I myself am from an ethnic minority. The title of the Dalai Lama was conferred by the Qing emperor back in 1653. The enthronement of the current 14th Dalai Lama was approved by the central government and witnessed by an official sent from Beijing in 1940. Although the traffic of exchanges between Tibet and other parts of China became thin during the turmoil of civil war and invasion, the status of Tibet as part of China had not changed. The years 1951-1959 saw a harmonious relationship between the Dalai Lama and the central government. Had it not been for the armed rebellion in 1959 and foreign interference, it might not have been such an issue as it is today. Now Tibet is growing fast. Investment and assistance is pouring in. Its economy has grown at 13.4 per cent, higher than the national average, in the past 10 years. The average life span of a Tibetan was 35 years in 1959. It is 67 years now. The prosperity has also benefited religious sites. In the past five years, nearly £20 million was spent on repairing the Dalai Lama's official residence, Potala Palace, the summer palace of the Dalai Lama, Norbulingka, and Sakya Monastery. Lhasa is now recovering from the pain of the rioting and will open on May 1 for tourism. China is half way in its reform. It has taken at least 200 million people out of poverty and starvation in three decades, a basic foundation for real human rights. Fast growth has also created big environmental and social problems. We have met many setbacks in the past, but we have proven to be a nation capable of learning from experience and improving itself. The harmonious society is a goal that will inspire us to face the problems and work for a better future for all. China is trying to embrace the world. Tomorrow, Beijing and London shall be one. The people of our two countries will share in the Olympic dream. Fu Ying is the Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to the UK
November 11 Simultaneous Interpreting: Principles, Techniques and TrainingZHONG Weihe( Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, 510420, China )
1. 同声传译的概念 口译按工作方式分为连续传译 (consecutive interpreting, 又叫交替传译、逐步传译 ) 与同声传译（ simultaneous Interpreting, 又叫同步传译、即时传译）。同声传译因为与发言人同步进行翻译，无须占用会议时间而受到了会议组织者的欢迎，二次世界大战之后，流行于许多国际组织。 所谓同声传译指的是用一种语言（译入语）把另外一种语言（原语）所表达的思想内容，以与原语发言人几乎相同的速度，用口头形式准确表达出来的一种翻译方式。 近年，世界很多地方称这种翻译为“会议传译”（ conference interpreting ）。在大多数情况下，同声传译是通过会议设备来完成的。译员坐在特制的口译箱里，通过耳机接听发言人的讲话内容，随即通过麦克风把原语发言人的讲话内容用译入语传达给大会的听众，听众则利用耳机选择所需要的语言频道，接受翻译服务。 与交替传译相比，同声传译具有以下优点：（ 1 ）在同声传译中，发言与翻译同时进行，不占用会议时间；（ 2 ）同声传译可以利用电子设备，在同一时间内多种语言同时进行翻译。（ 3 ）在大型国际会议中，译员有时可以事先得到发言稿件，早做准备，提高翻译的准确率。因此，现在国际上的会议，百分之九十都是采用同声传译的方式进行。 同声传译又可分为以下几种情况：（ 1 ）常规同传： 在翻译中，译员没有稿件，靠耳听、心想、口译来在同一时间内完成同声传译工作。 （ 2 ）视译 ：译员拿到讲话人的书面讲话稿，一边听讲话人的讲话、一边看稿、一边口译。（ 3 ）耳语传译 ：不需要使用同传设备。译员一边听讲话人的发言，一边在与会代表耳边进行传译。 （ 4 ）同声传读 ：译员拿到书面译文，边听发言人念稿，边宣读译文。同声传读需要注意发言人在宣读论文过程中增加及减少的内容，有时发言人也可能会突然脱稿进行发言。
2 ．同声传译的工作程序 同声传译的工作程序可以简单表示为:
3 ．同传译员素养要求 《羊城晚报》 2000 年 11 月 19 日 曾在头版周日特稿中对担任“广东省经济发展国际咨询会”同声翻译工作的同传译员做了较高的评价，称他们是“九段翻译，技惊四座” 。这一评价道出了同传工作之难。同声传译工作一向被认为是口译工作的巅峰。因此对译员的素养要求很高。一般来讲，同传译员应受过专门的职业训练并具备以下素质： （ 1 ） 扎实的双语能力和口头表达能力： 同传译员应该是属于语言敏感型的人。对语言（外语与母语）的扑捉能力要强。对于新生事物要感兴趣并及时记住一些新词新语的表达。同传译员在工作中是没有时间可以考虑的，因此，平时的语言积累对造就一个成功的译员致关重要。除了要有扎实的双语能力外，同传译员还要有较强的口头表达能力。为了能紧跟发言者，同传译员的讲话速度一般在 250 字 / 分钟左右，而一般发言人的语速为 150 字左右。因此，同传译员一定要“灵牙利齿”，同时要做到言之有序、言之有物。吐字清晰，语音语调流畅、利落。 （ 2 ）掌握百科知识： 著名的口译专家 Jean Herbert 曾说过，做一个好的译员要“ know everything of something and something of everything.”( 好的译员要既是专才，又是通才 ) 。同传译员所要翻译的会议没有两个是完全一样的，所翻译的内容涉及面宽，包括全球发展的方方面面，如政治、经济、文化、科技、人口、环境、卫生、战争、和平等。因此，要求同传译员要“上知天文、下知地理”。对越是熟悉的题材，同传译员的翻译质量则越高。 （ 3 ）良好的心理素质： 初涉译坛的译员经常会觉得翻译时“心发慌、嘴发紧”，平时熟悉的内容也有可能会译的一塌糊涂。这主要是因为心理素质欠佳所造成的。同传译员要有良好的心理素质。要能做到“处乱不惊、情绪稳定”。同传译员要有较强情绪控制能力，在任何情况下都要保持镇定。如果情绪不稳定，就会出现怯场（ stage fright ）现象，影响理解，影响翻译质量，译员甚至会出现“大脑空白”现象。要保持良好的心理素质，主要靠平时的打造，基础打扎实了，自信心自然就有了，有了自信心，心理状态也便容易调整了。 （ 4 ）有强烈的求知欲望： 同声传译的技能包括三大版块： ①口译技巧；②专业知识；③语言工夫。三大版快中的后两个都要求译员要不断地学习、积累。如果译员对新知识的习得缺少兴趣，则很难应付日新月异变化的翻译题材。 （ 5 ）团队合作精神： 专业化的同声传译工作一般都是 2-3 人一组，一人做 20 分钟左右，另一人再接过来，轮流进行。这就要求，同传工作不仅仅要求译员个人素质好，还要求译员之间组成一个和谐的整体。互相配合，做好整个翻译工作。团队合作体现在以下几个方面：①分工：可以按各个译员的优势进行分工，这样可以在翻译过程中做到取长补短；②译前准备工作：分头进行准备工作，然后互相交流，节约时间，提高效率；③轮空休息的译员应帮助在线译员做好辅助工作，包括笔记、清除干扰、监视设备等。总之，在同传翻译过程中，译员要互相体谅、互相支持。 （ 6 ）职业道德： 译员应该遵守会议译员职业道德规范。如：保守秘密、保持中立、准确翻译等。译员应严格遵守《国际会议口译工作者协会关于职业道德准则的规定》。译员不应该对会议发言人进行任何评论。另外对超出自己能力范围之内的翻译任务不应该接受，哪怕报酬很高。一旦接受了翻译任务，就要按时、按质完成。要表现出良好的业务水准（ professionalism ）。
4 ．同声传译基本原则 同声传译既是一门艺术，又是一门技术。因此，有一定的基本原则可以在翻译中遵循，以达到更加有效地完成口译工作。在同声翻译，特别是汉英同声翻译工作中，以下几条可以作为指导我们进行翻译的原则： 顺句驱动 : 在同传过程中，译员按听到的原语的句子顺序，把整个句子切成意群单位 或信息单位，再使用连接词把这些单位自然连接起来，译出整体的意思。这种翻译方法为 “顺句驱动” 。如以下句子按顺句驱动的原则来译：“所有人 // 都可以借助互联网资源 // 来学习，不论他们是哪个民族、 // 何种性别、 // 何种肤色， // 只要他们可以接入互联网。”译文： All can study //by relying on internet resources// regardless of their race, nationality and sex// providing that //they could have access to the internet.” 同声传译是与原语发言人的发言同步进行的，翻译活动必须在原语发言人讲话结束后瞬间内（或同时）结束。因此，同传译员要最大限度地在翻译过程中争取缩短翻译与原语发言之间的时间差。这个时间差越小，译员记忆的内容就会越多，译出的信息也就越多。英汉语的语序差别较大，要完全听明白原语语序、意义之后再进行翻译则很难跟上原语发言人。因此，“顺句驱动是英汉同声传译的一个最大特征。” 随时调整 ：调整是同声翻译中的校译过程，是译员根据接受到的新的内容调整信息、 纠正错译、补充漏译的重要环节。如英语中的时间、地点状语等大多出现在句尾，在使用“顺句驱动”进行翻译时，会出现译完主句，又出现状语的情况。如：“ I went to Holiday Inn// for a seminar// at 10 O'clock // yesterday.” 按顺句驱动的原则，可以这样译 : “我去了假日酒店 // 参加一个研讨会 // 在十点钟 // 昨天。”加上调整过程，这个句子在实际翻译中可能会被译为：“我去假日酒店 // 参加了一个研讨会 // 时间 是昨天上午十点。” 适度超前 : 同声传译中的 “ 适度超前 ” 是指口译过程中的 “ 预测 ” （ anticipation ）技能。 就是在原语信息还不完整的情况下，译员靠自己的语言能力、知识及临场经验预感到发言人可能要讲的内容而进行“超前翻译”，从而赢得时间，紧跟发言人进行同步翻译。如在很多会议的开幕式中都会出现这样的套话：“ … 我谨代表 ……// 对与会代表表示热烈的欢迎 // 并预祝本次大会取得圆满成功！ // ”在翻译这段话的时候，译员就可以根据自己的经验在发言人说出“我谨代表 …” 的时候把整句话都译出来 “Please allow me to be on behalf of …to extend to our warmest welcome to the participants of this conference…”. 在听到 “ 预祝 …” 之后 , 就应该知道后面要讲的是 “ … 本次会议成功”。不善用“预测”技能的译员很难做好同声传译工作，因为在翻译过程中要是等到全部信息接受以后再进行翻译就不是同声翻译了。即使翻译能够进行下去，也是断断续续。听众很难接受到完整的信息。 信息重组 ：信息重组（ reformulation ）是同声翻译的总策略。初学同传的学员往往把 注意力集中在译“语言”上，结果经常“卡壳”。因为英汉语的语言差别较大，要做到一一对应地进行翻译是很难的。因此在同传中应遵循译“信息”的原则。也就是根据原语的信息点在目的语中根据目的语的语言习惯重新组织信息。如在翻译中遇到以下的原语： “Strange behaviour on the part of whales in the southern Atlantic has been observed over a number of years now. A team of marine scientists has come up with a new theory to explain this behaviour. But considerable controversy has arisen in Argentina about the theory.” 经过信息重组之后可能会以下面的内容译出：“ Over a number of years,// whales in the southern Atlantic// have been observed// behaving strangely.// To explain this behaviour,// a team of scientists has come up with a new theory//. But there has arisen considerable controversy about the theory// in Argentina//” ( 经过好多年的观察，人们发现南大西洋的鲸行为怪异。为了解释这一行为，一些科学家提出了一种新的理论，但该理论在阿根廷却引起了争议。 ) （ 5 ）合理简约： 所谓简约（ simplification ），就是同传译员在不影响原文主要信息传达的基础上对原文中出现的无法用目的语处理的材料或原文中出现的技术性较强的材料，在直接译入到目的语中很难被目的语听众理解的情况下而采取简化语言形式、解释、归纳、概述原语信息的一种翻译原则。同传译员要根据听众的背景决定本原则的使用频率。如果听众对于所译内容比较陌生，译员对翻译中出现的术语（ jargon ）则要最大限度的简约。如在一次对青少年介绍“欧盟农业政策”的会议上出现了这样的内容： “If the CIF price of produce at the community boarder is below the guideline price as determined under the Common Market Organization, then at levy, which is not a tariff duty, is imposed.” 如果“忠实”地译入到任何一种语言，青少年听众都会出现听不明白的情况。使用简约的原则，可以按如下的内容进行法翻译：“ If farm produce comes into the Community at a price below the official Community market price, a special agricultural levy is imposed”.( 译文：如果农产品进入欧共体的价格低于欧共体的官方价格的话，就要征收农业特别税。 ) (6)信息等值： “ 忠实 ”(faithfulness) 一向被认为是检验翻译的标准。但在同声传译工作中， 有时很难做到“忠实”于原文，有时虽然忠实于原文，却得不到听众的认同。口译不同于笔译，可以有足够的时间去构思、推敲，同声传译要求译员在极有限的时间内对接受到的信息进行重组，使目的语听众了解原语发言人的讲话内容。因此，在同声翻译中，对原语中的字、词、句有时很难译得十全十美，译员要努力做到的是根据接受的词、句及语篇内容掌握原语发言人要传达的主要信息，同时用听众很容易理解的语言方式表达出来。也就是在翻译过程中，要做到整体“信息等值”。 5. 英汉同传常用技巧及训练
6. 如何学习同声传译？ 随着经济全球化的发展，国际交往越来越多，对专业翻译，特别是同传译员的需求也越来越多。不少外语专业毕业的学生都希望能在这方面接受一些专业训练。以下介绍几种提高口译专业水平的途径。 正规专业训练 ：正规专业训练主要是指进入高等学校或专门的翻译培训机构接受 专业学位（文凭）教育。七十年代以前的同传译员大多没有机会接受正规的专业训练，主要靠译员的经验与天赋，摸索着进行各种各样的翻译工作。而今天，翻译课程已经是许多外语院校的核心课程。专门化的翻译学院、翻译系科也遍步世界各地。仅以英汉翻译为例：英国就有如下学校开设英汉双语翻译硕士学位课程： The University of Westminster, Bath University, The University of New Castle 等；美国加州的 Monterey Institute of International Studies, 澳大利亚的 The University of Griffith ，新西兰的 The University of Auckland 等也开设了英汉翻译硕士学位课程。在中国，翻译（包括口、笔译）一直都是外语专业的必修课程。由于师资的原因，有些高校未能开出口译课。目前国内较有影响的、开设口笔译专业方向课程的机构有：北京外国语大学高级翻译学院、广东外语外贸大学英文学院翻译系、厦门大学外语系等。另外，外交部翻译室对于录用的翻译人员也进行专门化的职业训练。香港、台湾开设翻译学位课程的学校有：香港中文大学、岭南大学、香港城市大学、香港理工大学、台湾国立师范大学、辅仁大学等。 在职训练： 很少有译员一加入到一个机构就可以立刻开始工作的。一些较大的机 构都会给予他们一定的在职培训，并且定期给予业务进修，提高业务水平。如中国外交部每年招收的译员都要在翻译室培训中心进行约一年时间的在职培训，然后才能真正上场翻译。一些技术性较强的机构，还会对议员进行专门化的专业技术培训。使译员熟悉工作环境，掌握基本技巧。 （ 3 ）自我训练 ：提高同声传译技能的另外一条重要途径就是自我训练。毕竟不是人人都有机会得到专门化的职业训练。有些译员已经在一线工作了很长时间，具有良好的语言基础和心理素质，如果了解同声传译训练的内容和主要方法是可以进行自我训练的。但同声传译的训练是一个艰苦的过程，学习者一定要有恒心、耐心和决心，并制定切实可行的学习计划，循序渐进逐步提高自己的同声传译水平。当然并非人人都可以进行同声传译的学习，它要求学习者要有扎实的双语基础、良好的心理素质，有一定的连续传译的基础并对同声传译有浓厚的兴趣。以下介绍同声传译专业训练的基本步骤和常用方法。 ① 影子练习 : 影子练习 (shadowing exercise) 又叫原语或单语复述练习。就是用同种语言几乎同步地跟读发言人的讲话或事先录制好的新闻录音、会议资料等。该训练的目的是培养译员的注意力分配（ split of attention ）和听说同步进行的同声传译技能。做影子练习时，开始的时候可以与原语同步开始，经过一段时间的练习后，可以在原语开始后半到一句话跟读原语。跟读原语时不仅仅是鹦鹉学舌，要做到耳朵在听（原语）、嘴巴在说（同种语言复述）、脑子在想（语言内容）。在跟读完一段 5-8 分钟长度的讲话或新闻之后，应该可以概述出原语的主要内容。在影子练习的后一阶段，可以安排“干扰”练习，就是在听、说同步进行的同时，手也动起来。要求学员从 999 开始写起，按倒数的形式往下写 999 、 998 、 997… 。影子练习视个人的基础可以进行 3-5 周（每周 2-4 小时）的训练，练习形式相对自由，在听广播、看电视、听报告时都可以做此练习。学员在练习中产生了想用译入语同步陈述时就可以转入下一阶段的 练习了。 ② 原语概述 : 原语概述练习是影子练习的延续。就是学员用原语跟读完一段讲话内容后，停下来凭记忆力对刚刚跟读的内容用同种语言进行概述，归纳讲话内容的核心思想。如： “On April 8 we have noticed the news of Japanese Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa's resignation. This is an internal affairs of Japan . Prime Minister Hosokawa has made a valuable effort to promote Sino-Japanese friendly relations. We hope that Sino-Japanese relations can continue stable and healthful development.” 就可以概括为：“ Japanese Prime Minister resigned. We hope this will not have impact on Sino-Japan relations.” 开始做该类练习时，间隔时间可以相对短一点，在学员掌握要领之后再逐渐加长。原语概述练习的目的是培养学员短期记忆力、边听、边说、边想（抓核心内容）的习惯。 ③ 译入语概述 : 译入语概述练习是在原语概述练习进行一段时间后将概述原语内容用译入语进行。目的是巩固听说同步并逐渐过渡到真正的同声传译。练习时译员不必过度强调句子结构和具体内容，而是培养用简练的译入语传达原语的中心思想和主要信息点。如：“ The protection of the environment is a vital component of continued economic development. Here and in Hong Kong decades of explosive growth have taken a toll on the environment resulting in air and water pollution, destruction of the natural environment, traffic congestion and deforestation. Not only does this discourage further economic investment and encourage industries already here for relocate, but it also makes it increasingly difficult for Guangdong to enter into the next level of economic development.” 可以用译入语 -- 汉语概述为：“环境保护是经济持续发展的重要因素。 // 过去广东和香港在这方面已有过教训。 // 环保是广东吸引更多投资使经济更上一层楼的保障。 // ” ④ 视译 : 视译（ on-sight interpreting ）是指同传译员拿着讲话人的发言稿，边听发言、边看原稿、边进行同声传译。在练习时，第一步可以找一些有译文的发言稿，边听发言录音，边做“同声传读。”逐渐过渡到脱离译稿只看原文进行口译。视译时可以用很短时间对原文通读一次，了解发言的主要内容并对语言、专业难点做“译前准备”。 ⑤ 磁带练习 : 同声传译是实践性很强的活动，其所涉及到的技巧要靠平时的练习才能为学习者掌握。因此，要在平时做很多的练习才能成为真正合格的同传译员。一般正规训练同传译员的机构都要求受训者除课堂接受的训练外要进行近 300 磁带时 (tape-hours) 精听、精练。磁带练习的内容要丰富多彩、题材广泛、音调齐全，要包括中英两种语言。最好是国际会议发言录音或录象。在练习时，可以把自己的翻译录下来，进行分析，找出不足的地方及误译、漏译的地方。任何技能的掌握都是靠平时的日积月累，靠艰苦练习。 ⑥ 模拟会议 ：这一练习主要针对有组织的课堂教学。自学同传的译员可以自我组织几个或更多爱好者一起来做这个练习。练习要求使用同声传译设备。事先给学员布置好模拟会议题目，如：“环境保护与经济的可持续发展”、“人口控制与经济发展”、“互联网时代的教与学”等，要求学员自己准备 5-10 分钟的发言两篇（中、英各一篇），由学员自己组织会议、轮流发言、轮流翻译。这一练习形式不但锻炼了学员的口译技巧，同时也使学员掌握了公众演说技巧 — 口译中另一重要的技巧。 7. 结束语： 随着中国经济的发展，对外交往越来越多，对同声传译的需求也越来越大。但国内目前除北京英汉语同声传译尚勉强满足市场需求外，其它各地都缺少职业同声传译。以广东省为例，广东的人口有 7000 多万，而真正合格的英汉同声传译员仅 10 人左右。因此，培养同声传译人才的任务艰巨。当然，同声译员目前属“精英人才”，精英人才的培养要求的条件较高，除译员本身的素质外，对硬件也有一定的要求。但只要关心这项事业的人多，中国就一定能培养出世界一流的会议口译人才！ 参考文献 ： Dollerup, G & Pochhacker, M, Kaindl, K(eds) (1992) Teaching Translation and Interpreting 2: Insights, aims, visions. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company Gile, D (1995) Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company Jones, R (1998) Conference Interpreting Explained Manchester : St.Jerome Publishing Lambert, S & Moser-Mercer, B (eds) (1994) Bridging the Gap: Empirical research on simultaneous interpretation Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company 鲍 刚 《口译理论概述》旅游教育出版社 1998 6．李逵六 《口译 - 理论与实践 语言与交际》外语教学与研究出版社 1994 7．张维为 《英汉同声传译》中国对外出版公司 1999 8．仲伟合 《翻译研究：理论、技巧、教学》华南理工大学出版社 2000 9．周兆祥 陈育沾 《口译的理论与实践》商务印书馆 1988 November 04 Good health is habit, not an event.
This is an article about healthy life which is worth reading. You can find the whole details by clicking on the following linkage: http://www.worldslastchance.com/heavens_healing.php
I just select the summary part for us to bear in mind. You will never know the worth of water till the well is dry. So please keep good habits from now on. Wish everyone healthy!
The summary of perfect table manners :
8 Habits to Perfect Health:
8 Mental Steps to Perfect Health:
Besides, do not just take care of yourself, but also try your best to make your parents keep good habits. Anyway, their life would be short than you. If possible , let as many people know these tips. So act immediately. .................. PS:中文是我添加，若有不清楚，请点击链接，其中都有详细的解释。 November 03 过一个温暖的冬天天气渐凉，有些女孩子特别怕冷，手脚总是冰冷，腰部或全身发冷，有的受寒腹痛、经常腹泻。这些女子大多面色苍白，甚至情绪低落，行动缓慢，容易疲乏。在医学上，这种情况称为冷感症，主要是由局部或全身的血液循环不良所致。
手脚冰凉护理方案 原二炮总医院营养科主任曾远征告诉冬季手脚冰冷的女孩子，此时多吃黑米、黑枣、黑豆、黑芝麻、黑木耳、黑荞麦、紫菜、可可等黑色食物，可以促进血液循环，调节胃肠功能，改善怕冷状况。
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There is no way to happiness, happiness is the way!|
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